Method of making lined bearings.



W. KLUCKE. METHOD OF MAKING LlNED BEARINGS. APPLICATKON mm MAY 8, i915.

Llwwfiiflfl, Patented Apr. 25, 1916.

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WILLIAM KLOGKE. OF NEW YORK, N. Y.. ASSIGNOR TO PRESSED BEARING COMPANY, OF BROOKLYN, NEW YORK, A CORPORATION OF NEW YORK.

METHOD OF MAKING LINED BEARINGS.

1 1@@y72 Specification of Letters Patent. P W M M A 1916 Application filed May 8, 1915. Serial No. 26,753. i

To all whom it may concern: have such a smooth surface of the liner that Be it known that I, Yunnan Knocks. a the same will be. ready for use without any citizen of the lT-nited States of America. resubsequent turning, and by said method siding in the borough of Brooklyn. county much additional labor will be avoided and 5 of Rings. in the city and State of New the saving of expensive metal accomplished. York. have invented certain new and useful My invention consists in a succession of Improvements in Methods of Making Lined steps which may involve preliminary flang- Bearings, of which the following is a speciing of a strip, or may be performed upon a fi ati flanged strip which has been flanged else- 10 My invention relates to a new method of where or the method may be performed producing lined bearings, and has for its upon an untianged strip. To the said strip object to simplify and cheapen the costof a liner of bearing metal is applied, and the producing such bearings. and further. to imsections of the desired size to constitute a prove the quality of bearings so produced. blank from which the semi-cylindrical bear- 15 The character of hearings to which I have ings will be formed are. then formed in a ill str t d y invention as being applied. press bythe aid of dies. to the desired form. has a semicylindrical shell provided with During these operations the desired densiexterior flanges and lined with suitable bearlication ot' the lining will be accomplished.

ing metal. such as Babbitt metal. Two of and the hearing so sub ected to the action of 20 these seinicylindrical bearings are employed the. die will be found to have its lining exfor each bearing and are largely used in autremely smooth. so that it may usually be toinobile construction wherein a number of used without further treatment, although if such bearings are used in each machine. In desired. such treatment by way of smooththe process heretofore employed for the proing the surface of the lining may be per- 25 duction oi such bearings a number of steps formed. p p i have. been employed which are substantially I have illustrated. in the accompanying as follows l) Molding the shells. two opdrawings, a simple form of apparatus which crations: (2) milling the sliclls t\vo operamay be employed in the continuous steps tions: (3) sweating two semi-cylindrical forming part of my invention. and also dies. 30 shells together: (l) boring these assembled in the said drawings.--Figure 1 is a diashells: (5) outside turning: (ti) heating the grammatic view illustrating devices which ,shell. applying acid and tiiining: (T) babmay be employed in the practical operation l hitting: (it) inside boring: (5)) outside turnof my. invention. Fig. 2 is a sectional view ing: (10) splitting the shell: (11) densityof the dies. illustrating a lined bearing in 35 ing the. babbitt by driving a drift. place. taken on a. line between the flanges The operation above referred to was hand and parallel therewith. Fig. ii-is a similar labor. and involved a loss of metal in turnsection taken on a line at right angles to ing amounting to as much as 27%. and as Fig. 2. the male die being in full lines. a considerable amount of this was expensive in the practical embodiment of my inven- 40 liabbitt-nietal which could not be reclaimed. tion I prefer to operate upon a strip of it was a serious increase in expense. metal. for which purpose brass is usually ii According to my invention a large amount employed. which serves as the body or shell a, of hand labor is dispensed with and the sevof the lined bearing and upon the. inside of eral"operations incident to the preparation which. or the side opposite the flanges, the 45 of the lined bearings are continuously perliner will be placed. A strip of such flanged formed upon the metal which is to form the metal is subjected to a successive series of r lining. largely by the aid of devices which steps resulting in the application to the act without the constant attention of a plane surface thereof of a liner of suitable a, workman. and when the metal has been metal. for which purpose Babbitt-metal is be properly prepared it is formed in a press by principally employed. As one of the steps the aid of male and female dies. I The said in the continuous production of such lined i operations result in the production of a strip. I prefer to density the liner after the lined bearing which, in many instances, will same has been applied, for which purpose it surface of the metal is subjected to pressure, whereby not only is its surface made even and uniform and the thickness of the liner accurately gaged, but the metal is compacted and given the desired increase in density. Thereupon the strip which has been so treated is separated into blanks of a size suitable for the production of a semi-cylindrical lined bearing. I then place these lined blanks in a press, wherein they are subjected to the action of a male die by which they are pressed into a corresponding female die, preferably with suflicient pressure to thoroughly compact and smooth the inner surface of the lining. The result will bea finished lined half bearing which, if desired, may have face formed sutliciently as I actually prefer to employ the same, will now be set out in detail. Theproduction of the flanged strip may be accomplished by taking a plane strip, bend' form flanges in'suitable rollers, and upsetting these flanges so producedto increase their thickness. The upsetting operation may be performed in the usual manner by rollers or dies, and as these rollers and dies for rolling and upsetting flanged strips are well known and formno part of my invenherein illustrated.

The process of applying the liner to the acking is preferably performed upon material, either in strips or separate blanks, which has previously been flanged, but this flange might, if desired, be formed after the ining is applied, or the process might be performed upon an unflanged blank. One way by which the liner may be applied is illustrated in the diagrammatic View, Fig. l,jwhe'rein the several steps incidental to the production of the lined blanks are illustrated as being performed continuously. In'the said figure the blank, which is illustrated as being a flanged blank A, is fed between upper and lower feed rolls B B1 to the operation of the subsequent devices. In the usual application of Babbitt-metal the is first cleaned and have accordingly illustrated continuously surface of tinned, and I means for steps.

applying means and the trated are the full width of the strip. cleaned, ing means, for which purpose I employ a gas heating apparatus D of usual construc 'tion, which is illustrated as extending from ing its edges to pose I liner M as a point near the feeding rolls to a point near the liner applying means, so that the strip shall be thormlghly heated. After the cleaning the face of the strip is tinned by the application of solder thereto, and preferably the solder is fed in a strip E by upper and lower feed rolls F F through a guide G to the strip. The usual copper distributer or iron H distributes the solder evenly over the surface of the strip A. The lower roll F is the solder feed roll and it is supported in arms 7', only one of which is seen, and is prevented from back movement by pawl and ratchet f and is preferably fed continuously by any suitable means. The usual solder will be employed, and for this purpose hard solder is generally used. he surface of the strip having been so tinned is then coated with the liner. The molten Babbitt-metal, which is the metal usually employed for such liners, is contained within a vat I which has a channel J leading to the surface to be tinned, and this channel contains a rotary valve j having a passage 7' which is adjustable by a. rotation of the valve j. 1e forward wall of the channel J has a flange K which extends in the direction in which the it is desired to applv. The liner is flowed same is fed forwardly through the passage and its surface is smoothed and it is brought to the proper thickness by the flange K. Other means may be employed to accomplish this result, but this is a convenient and practical way of doing it. After the liner has been applied to the surface of the strip A it is preferably densified or compacted, and for this purprovide the upper and lower rotary rollers L L The lower roller engages the bottom of the strip between the flanges a, a and the upper roller engages against the regulated by the height of the flange K, and accordingly, they compact and densify the said liner. The rollers are pref erably cooled, as for instance, by means of Water, in the usual way, and may be revolved pay Isguitable means in unison with feed rolls lining metal is wasted. The saving of linuse of my process is an important consideration, as this metal is practically valueless for lining purposes after having been once heated, as the antimony constituent thereof is lost upon a re-heating of the metal, and in actual practice such Babbitt-metal as is removed by turning or filing in the usual process is treated as scrap metal. The lined strip A is next divided into blanks of a suitable size, to provide half liners, and for this purpose any suitable cutting die or metal saw may be employed. The mechanism for performing this operation is well-known to any skilled mechanic,- and accordingly, I have not illustrated. the same. The lined blanks so produced are then flanged, if flanged bearings are to be produced, and if the strip was not flanged previous to linino which is the preferred way of producing the article. The flanged blank is now ready to be formed into the semi-cylindrieal shape of the lined bearings when ready for use. An important part of my invention is the way in which the said flanged blanks are formed into this shape. It is desirable that this op eration should be accompanied with little or no loss of metal. and further. it is inexpedientto form the same in a drop press by reason of the fact that this operation results in the production of tins in the finished article which must be removed, thereby greatly increasing the labor and resulting in the loss of metal.

According to my invention the flanged blank is formed into-semi'cylindrical shape by the aid of a die press, and I have illus trated. in Figs. 2 and 3, male and female dies which are adapted to be used for this purpose. Single acting presses which may be used for this purpose are well known and form no part of my invention. The upper or male die N has its working face conforming to the shape of the inner or lined face of the bearing to be produced. The lower or female die 0 is of corresponding shape and is provided with channels 0 upon each side adapted to receive the flanges of the hearing when the. same is pressed to final shape.

The lined bearing is placed upon the. female die with its flanges down, and the male die descends and presses the same into the. opening; in the female die. It is important that this pressing operation should be correctly timed. If performed too slowly it will result in amalformation of the blank. due to the fact that it is not feasible to obtain metal having precisely the same hardness throughout, and accordingly. the too slow descent of the male die will result in bending the blank at the softest portions and it will be caused to slip in the female die and be ruined. If the press works too fast it will crack the metal. I have found. that a speed of about fifty strokes to the minute will result in the production of perfect work. By applying sufficient pressure to the dies the lining may be thoroughly smoothed between the male and female dies,

pressing of the flanged blank to shape .in a

die press 15 that by means thereof the liner is furtherdensified and compacted. by reason of the fact that the liner, during the bending process, is caused to occupy less space than it previously occupied, and this results in an advantageous increase in the density 'of the liner metal.

My invention preferably contemplates the employment of self-acting devices for the several steps incidental to the preparation of the lined blank previous to insertion in the press, but obviously, such steps are not necessarily performed by such self-acting devices, but may be performed by hand and at the Same, time obtain the advantages of my invention. Obviously, the strip of metal, if the liner is to be applied thereto in the manner shown, could be cleaned and tinned by hand, and the liner could be also applied by hand and scraped or leveled by hand in the usual way before densifying, and the application of Babbitt-metal by hand is an operation well-known to mechanics. I prefer, however, to densify the lining before pressing the same to final shape, and for this purpose the pressure rolls are extremely desirable. It will be seen, therefore, that according to my invention the liner is applied to a flat plate whereby its even application is assured and loss of metal is overcome, and preferably, this applica tion is made to a strip of metalwhich will furnish a plurality of blanks by successively acting automatic apparatus, and to a strip which has previously been flanged.

The steps previous to the formation of the flat flanged blank to semi-cylindrical shape may be varied, as indicated in the foregoing description, within the limits of. the ap pended claims. It is an important feature of my invention that the flanged blank should be formed into the final semi-cylindrical shape in a press.

It is preferable to construct the female die in sections in order to enable the hardest metal to be used where the ends of the liner are shaped, and to enable ready adjustment for liners of different lengths. In Fig. 3 the die is shown as made up of a middle section 11 flanked by sections l2l2. and these in turn by end sections l3-13. all fastened to gether by bolts 14. The sections 12- 12 may be made of hardened tool steel to more effectively shape the flanged ends of the liner. To facilitate the removal of the liner from the female die the middle portion of the latter is made as a movable plunger 15. as shown best in Fig". 2. As the upper die ascends. this plunger may be displaced upwardly to lift tinuous process wherein the the liner above the remaining sections of the female die and enable it to be readily separated therefrom.

What is claimed is l. A process for the production of lined bearings comprising tlanging a strip of the flanges to thicken same metal. upsetting and passing the Hanged strip through a constrip is treated with acid and is heated. and solder and lining material successively applied thereto while so heated. then densifving the lining by cooled pressure rolls. separating the strips into blanks and pressing the flanged blanks to semi-cylimlrical shape. 1

process for the production of lined bearings comprising llanging a strip of metal. heating the flanged strip. applying acid. coating the same with solder. flowing lining material thereon. densifying the lining. separating the strip into blanks. and pressing the llanged blanks to shape.

El. process fol' the production of lined half bearings consisting in llanging a strip of metal. feeding the llanged strip. and during such feeding in continuously cleaning the surface. heating the same. solderinga metal lining thereon. and densifying the lining. then separating the strip into blanks. and pressing the flanged and lined blanks to semi-cylindrical shape.

A process for the production of lined half hearings comprising cleaning and tinuing the surface of .1 str; ight blank. applying molten lining metal on said blank. densi fying said lined blank and the formation of such lined blank to semi-cylimlrical shape by pressing between dies.

5. process for the production of lined half bearings comprising the continuous application of lining metal to a metallic strip. densifying such lining. separating the strip into blanks and pressing the blanks to semicylindrical shape. 7

'6. A processfor the production of lined half hearings comprising cl aning the surface of a strip of metal and heating the same. and continuously soldering lining metal thereon.

7. A process for the production of lined half bearings comprising continuously feeding a strip of metal and during such feed in heating the strip. cl *aning the surface thereof. applying solder thereto. flowing lining metal thereon. and densifying the liner by passing the lined strip between pressure rolls.

8. A process for the production of lined half bearings comprising continuously feeding a strip of metal and during such feed in heating the strip, cleaning the surface thereof. applying solder thereto. flowing lining metal thereon. and densifying the liner by passing the lined. strip between pressure rolls, separating the strip into blanks and to semi-cylindrical flanged metallic strip and densifying such lining by continuous steps. separating the strip into blanks and pressing the flanged and lined blanks into semi-cyliiulrical shape.

11. A process for the production of lined flanged half bearings comprising cl wining the surface of a strip of flanged metal. heating the same and continuousl soldering lining metal thereon. densifying such lining. separating the strip into blanks and pressing the flanged and lined blanks to semi-cylindrical shape.

.12. process for the flanged half bearings comprising continuous feeding of a strip of flanged metal and during such feed in heating the strip. cleaning the surface thereof. applying solder thereto. flowing lining metal thereon. and densifying the liner by passing the lined strip between pressure rolls. then separating the strip into blanks and pressing the flanged and lined blanks into semi-cylindrical shape.

13. process for the production of semicyliiulrical bearings from flanged metallic blanks which consists in applying" lining metal to the side of said blank opposite the flanges. inserting the blank cold in a press and forming the same to semi-cylindrical shape by the aid of male and female dies by causing the male die to engage against the lined side of said blank. and pressing the same into the female die.

process for the production of semic \'lindrical bearings from flanged metallic blanks which consists in applying lining metal to the side of said blank opposite the flanges. inserting the blank cold in a press and forming the same to semi-crlindrical shape. by the aid of nail and female dies by causing the male die to engage against the lined side of said blank. and pressing the same into the female die with a gradual pressure obtained by operating the press at about fifty strokes a minute.

1?. A process for the production of semicylindrical bearings from flanged metallic blanks which consists in flanging the longitudinal edge of a strip of metal. upsetting the flanges. applying lininginetal to the side of said blank opposite the flanges. sepa -ating the flanged strip into blanks. inserting the blanks cold in a press and formproduction of lined ing the Same to sen]i-c \liiulrical shape by the ald of male and female dies by causing 1,180,728 ifii the male die to engage against the lined side of said blank, and pressing thesame into the female die.

16. A process for the production of lined halt bearings which consists in the application of lining metal. to the level surface of a strip of metal. densitying such lining and pressing the blanks to semi-cylindrical shape. 1%). A process for the production of lined half bearings which consists in soldering lining metal to the surface of a metal blank, and pressing said blank to semi-cylindrical shape.

20. A process for the production of lined half bearings which consists in soldering lining metal to the surface of a metal blank, densilying such lining and pressing said blank to semi-cylindrical shape.

21. A. process for the production of lined half l'iearings which consists in. soldering lining metal to the entire bearing surface of a metal blank and pressing), said lined blank to semi-c \'limlrical shape.

22. A process for the production of lined half bearings which consists in the continuous application of lining metal to a metallic strip. separating the strip into blanks and pressing the blanks to semi cylindrical shape.

23. A process for the production of lined half bearings which consists in the application of a continuous sheet of lining metal. to a metallic strip, separating the strip into blanks and pressing the blanks to semi-cylindrical shape.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto signed my name in the presence of two subscribing witnesses.

\VILLIAM KLOCKE.

Witnesses:

J. E. DOBSON, G. R. GABRIEL. 

